Recent questions tagged process-calculations-and-thermodynamics

In a process occurring in a closed system F, the heat transferred from F to the surroundings E is 600 J. If the temperature of E is 300 K and that of F is in the range 38...

A hole of area 1 cm$^{2}$ is opened on the surface of a large spherical cavity whose inside temperature is maintained at 727 $^{o}$C. The value of stefan-Boltzmann consta...

The thermodynamic state of a closed system containing a pure fluid changes from $(T1,p1)$ to $(T2, p2)$, where $T$ and $p$ denote the temperature and pressure, respective...

The units of the isothermal compressibility are$m^{-3}$$Pa^{-1}$$m^{3} Pa^{-1}$$m^{-3}Pa^{-1}$

A gaseous system contains H${_2}$,I${_2}$ and HI, which participate in the gas-phase reaction 2H...

If the ratio of recycle gas to purge gas $(F{_R}{_G}/F{_P}{_G})$ is $4$ then $Y{_R}{_B}$ is $3/8$$2/5$$1/2$$3/4$

If the flow rate of B is 2400 kg/h, then the theoretical number of stages in the column, using Kremser’s equation (adjusted to the next integer) is591113

A counter-current extraction column is designed to remove 99% of solute C from a solution of solvent A and solute C using pure solvent B. The initial concentration of sol...

The reaction A${_l}{_i}{_q}$ +B${_g}{_a}{_s}$ $\rightarrow$C${_l}{_i}{_q}$ +D${_g}{_a}{_s}$, is carried out in a rector followed by a separator as shown below ...

The characteristic equation for a system is $S^{3}+9S^{2}+26S+12(2+K{_c}) = 0$.Using the Routh test, the value of $K{_...

A thermocouple having a linear relationship between $0\;^{\circ}C$ and $350 \:^{\circ}C$ shows an emf of zero and $30.5 \text{ mV}$, respectively at these two temperature...

An equimolar mixture of $A$ and $B$ (A being more volatile) is flash distilled continuously at a feed rate of $100 \text{ kmol/h}$, such that the liquid product contains ...

The elementary reversible exothermic gas-phase reaction A + 3B $\rightleftharpoons$ 2Cis to be conducted in a non-i...

The block diagram of a system with a proportional controller is shown below A unit step is introduced in the set point. Th...

Consider a binary liquid mixture at constant temperature $T$ and pressure $P$. If the enthalpy change of mixing, $\Delta H = 5x_1x_2$, where $x_1$ and $x_2$ are the mole ...

An insulated, evacuated container is connected to a supply line of an ideal gas at pressure $P_s$, temperature $T_s$ and specific volume $V_s$. The container is filled wi...

A thermometer initially at $100^{ \circ}C$ is dipped at $t = 0$ into an oil bath, maintained at $150^{\circ}C$. If the recorded temperature is $130^{\circ}C$ after $1$ mi...

For an exothermic reversible reaction, which one of the following correctly describes the dependence of the equilibrium constant $(K)$ with temperature $(T)$ and pressure...

In a throttling process, the pressure of an ideal gas reduce by $50\%$. If $C{_p}$ and $C{_v}$ are the heat capacities at constant pressure and constant volume, respectiv...

If the temperature of saturated water is increased infinitesimally at constant entropy, the resulting state of water will beLiquidLiquid – vapor coexistenceSaturated vapo...

A hot liquid is to be cooled in a $1-1$ shell and tube heat exchanger from $80^{\circ}C$ to $50^{\circ}C$. Cooling water enters the tube side at $30^{\circ}C$, and exits ...

In a closed piston-cylinder system, methane was observed to obey the following equation of state$$P\left ( V-nb \right )=nRT$$where $b=0.029\:m^{3}$/mol. The temperature ...

The volume of liquid filled in a spherical storage tank of radius $R$ is computed from height of liquid, $h$, in the outside tube (neglecting the volume of liquid in the ...

A fiberboard sheet $\left ( 1.5\:m\times 2.0\:m\times 15\:mm \right )$ is being dried by suspending it horizontally in a current of hot, dry air. The edges are insulted s...

An azeotropic mixture of ethanol and water is to be separated in a distillation column using benzene as an entrainer. At the column operating conditions, two liquid phase...

A binary distillation column is designed by McCabe-Thiele method to get a distillate mole fraction of $0.9$. The enriching section operating line has an intercept with $y...

It is decided to extract $A$ from a feed containing $20$ mol$\%$ $A$ and $80$ mol$\%$ $B$ in two ideal cross-current stages as shown below, using equal amount of pure sol...

The elementary second-order liquid phase reaction $A+B{\rightarrow}C+D$ is carried out in an isothermal plug flow reactor of $2\:m^{3}$ volume. The inlet volumetric flow ...

At a shear rate of $10\:s^{-1}$, the apparent viscosity of a non-Newtonian liquid was found to be $1\: Pa\:s$. At a shear rate of $100\:s^{-1}$, the apparent viscosity of...

Under isothermal condition, a vertical tube of length $L=100\:m$ contains a gas of molecular weight equal to $60$. The pressure and temperature at the top of the tube are...

Vapour bubbles are formed in the nucleate boiling regime at a frequency of $10$ bubbles per second per nucleation site. There are $100$ nucleation sites per $m^{2}$ of he...

An insulted storage tank contains $1000\:kg$ liquid of specific heat $10\:kJ\:kg^{-1}\:K^{-1}$. The liquid is heated by saturated steam, condensing in a helical coil at a...

In the year $2005$, the cost of a shell and tube heat exchanger with $68\:m^{2}$ heat transfer area was $Rs.\:12.6$ Lakh. Chemical Engineering Index for cost in $2005$ wa...

A person is drowning in sea at location $R$ and the lifeguard is standing at location $P$. The beach boundary is straight and horizontal, as shown in the figure.The lifeg...

$G$ denotes the Gibbs free energy of a binary mixture, $n_{T}$ denotes the total number of moles present in the system, $\mu _{i}$ is the chemical potential of the $i^{th...

The inital water level in a tank is $4\:m$. When the value located at the bottom is opened, the rate of change of water level ($L$) with respect to time ($t$) is, $\frac{...

The ammonia ($NH_{3}$) oxidation process occurs over a catalyst as$$4NH_{3}+5O_{2}\rightarrow 6H_{2}O+4NO$$Air is supplied such that oxygen ($O_{2}$) is $20\%$ in excess ...

A venturi meter is installed to measure the flow rate of water in a $178\:mm$ diameter ($ID$) pipe. The throat diameter is $102\:mm$. The differential pressure measured u...

A first-order process having a transfer function, $G_{p}=\frac{2}{7s+1}$ is controlled by a proportional controller with gain of $3.2$. The process time constant is in mi...