Recent questions tagged process-calculations-and-thermodynamics

Consider a closed system of one mole of an ideal gas undergoing a polytropic process. The process follows $P V^{n}=$ constant, where $P$ is the pressure, $V$ is the volum...

According to the phase rule, which one of the following is the number of degrees of freedom for pure water at its triple point?$-3$$0$$1$$3$

An irreversible chemical reaction occurs on a porous catalyst. All the pores are of same size. In strong pore diffusion regime, the observed activation energy is $120 \ma...

In a traditional continuous Kraft (Sulfate) pulping process, consider the following major steps:Bleaching $\text{(BL)}$, Chipping $\text{(CH)}$, Debarking $\text{(DE)}$, ...

For an irreversible reaction containing inerts in the feed, single-pass conversion in a reactor is $70 \%$. Which one of the following statements is CORRECT?Recycle elimi...

A binary mixture of butane and butadiene is to be separated in an extractive distillation using furfural. Furfural lowers the activity of butadiene more than it does for ...

Which of the following statements regarding the heat of reaction is/are CORRECT?For endothermic reaction, it is positive.For exothermic reaction, it is negative.For exoth...

Consider a homogeneous gas phase reaction, $\mathrm{A}+2 \mathrm{~B} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{C}+3 \mathrm{D}$, occurring at constant temperature and pressure in a varying v...

Using single step trapezoidal rule, the value of\[\int_{0}^{0.5}\left(1+16 x-20 x^{2}\right) d x\]is $\_\_\_\_$ (rounded off to two decimal places).

 Vapor pressure of water at various temperature is given in the table.\[\begin{array}{|l|c|c|c|c|c|}\hline\text{Temperature (in K)} & 284 & 289 & 294 & 299 & 310 \\\hline...

A volatile organic compound $\text{(VOC)}$ is to be adsorbed from air onto a bed of activated carbon. The equilibrium capacity of activated carbon at the feed conditions ...

Consider the following homogeneous isothermal liquid-phase parallel reactions carried out in three reactor configurations (having identical volumes and same operating tem...

The reaction rate constants of two reactions follow Arrhenius' law. The activation energies of Reaction $1$ and Reaction $2$ are $E_{1}$ and $E_{2}$, respectively and $E_...

The gross energy requirement, to reduce a very large feed of coal to such a size that $80 \%$ of the product passes through a $100 ~\mu \mathrm{m}$ screen, is $13 \text{k...

A continuous distillation column is used to separate an equimolar mixture of diethylamine (DEA) and methanol. The feed enters the column as saturated liquid at a flow rat...

A gas stream with $2.01 \mathrm{~mol} \%$ ammonia is to be scrubbed in a counter-current isothermal packed bed absorber using pure water to reduce its concentration to $0...

Laboratory filtration is conducted at constant pressure drop of $200 \text{ kPa}$ on a slurry of $\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}$ in water at room temperature. The time taken to colle...

Consider three identical non-interacting first order processes in series, each having unit gain and a time constant of $2$ min. Tuning of proportional controller using cl...

A thermometer initially at a steady temperature of $30^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ is inserted in a water bath maintained at $90^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. The initial rate of temperat...

In a double pipe cocurrent heat exchanger, operating at steady state, oil (specific heat capacity $=2100 \mathrm{~J} \mathrm{~kg}^{-1}{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}^{-1}$ ) enter...

A pipe with outer diameter of $0.02 \text{ m},$ carries hot water. The temperature at the outer surface of the pipe is $70^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. This pipe is covered with ...

Methanol is formed by the following gas phase homogeneous reaction:\[\mathrm{CO}(\mathrm{~g})+2 \mathrm{H}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \leftrightharpoons \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{OH}...

A first-order homogeneous liquid-phase reaction ( $\mathrm{A} \rightarrow \mathrm{B}$ ) occurs in an adiabatic, ideal mixed flow reactor operating at steady state. The vo...

A first-order homogeneous liquid-phase reaction ( $\mathrm{A} \rightarrow \mathrm{B}$ ) occurs in a non-ideal isothermal reactor operating at steady state. The variance (...

A feed containing $10 \mathrm{~mol} \%$ propylene, $15 \mathrm{~mol} \%$ ammonia and rest air is charged into a reactor to produce acrylonitrile $\left(\mathrm{C}_{3} \ma...

A gas mixture of $50 \mathrm{wt} . \%$ argon and $50 \mathrm{wt} . \%$ helium flowing through a horizontal tube of uniform diameter at a rate of $1 \mathrm{~kg} \mathrm{~...

When a cylindrical capillary glass tube, open at both ends, is vertically inserted in a pool of water, the water level in the tube rises to $7 \mathrm{~cm}$ relative to t...

The flooding velocity curves for two different structured packings are shown in the figure. The ratio of mass velocities of liquid $\left(G_{x}\right)$ to that of the gas...

Cyclohexane $\left(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12}\right)$ is produced from benzene $\left(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{6}\right)$ and hydrogen $\left(\mathrm{H}_{2}\right)$...

The velocity profile for a fully developed laminar flow of an incompressible Newtonian fluid, at steady state, through a horizontal infinitely wide and long slit of gap $...

​​The number of independent intensive variables that need to be specified to determine the thermodynamic state of a ternary mixture at vapor-liquid-liquid equilibrium is$...

​​​​The boundary of a system does not allow exchange of either mass or energy (in the form of heat and/or work) with the surroundings. The system is termedIsolatedOpenAdi...

​​​​Choose the transfer function that best fits the output response to a unit step input change shown in the figure $\frac{(\alpha s+1) e^{-\theta s}}{\left(\tau_{1} s+1\...

​​​​Which of the following statements regarding multiple effect evaporators is/are TRUE?The pressure of the effect with fresh steam is the lowest for both forward feed an...

The following data is given for a ternary $\text{A B C}$ gas mixture at $12\: \mathrm{MPa}$ and $308 \: \mathrm{K}$:$$\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|} \hline \text{Component} i \...

Ideal nonreacting gases $A$ and $B$ are contained inside a perfectly insulated chamber, separated by a thin partition, as shown in the figure. The partition is removed, a...

Oil is extracted from mustard seeds having $20 \: \mathrm{wt} \%$ oil and $80 \: \mathrm{wt} \%$ solids, using hexane as a solvent. After extraction, the hexane-free resi...

​​​Consider a Cartesian coordinate system with orthogonal unit basis vectors $\hat{\imath}, \hat{\jmath}$ defined over a domain: $x, y \in[0,1]$. Choose the condition for...