Recent questions tagged process-calculations-and-thermodynamics

The elementary irreversible gas-phase reaction $A\rightarrow B+C$ is carried out adiabatically in an ideal $CSTR$ (Continuous-Stirred Tank Reactor) operating at 10 $atm$....

A countercurrent absorption tower is designed to remove $95\%$ of component $A$ from an incoming binary gas mixture using pure solvent $B$. The mole ratio of $A$ in the i...

A binary mixture with components $A$ and $B$ is to be separated in a distillation column to obtain $95$ mol$\%$ $A$ as the top product. The binary mixture has a constant ...

Consider the reactor-separator-recycle process operating under steady state conditions as shown in the figure. The reactor is an ideal Continuous-Stirred Tank Reactor ($C...

The volumetric properties of two gases $M$ and $N$ are described by the generalized compressibility chart which expresses the compressibility factor $(Z)$ as a function o...

Water is heated at atmospheric pressure from $40^{\circ}C$ to $80^{\circ}C$ using two different processes. In process $I$, the heating is done by a source at $80^{\circ}C...

Which of the following conditions are valid at the plait point?Density difference between the extract and raffinate phases is zeroInterfacial tension between the extract...

An aqueous salt-solution enters a crystallizer operating at steady state at $25^{\circ}C$. The feed temperature is $90^{\circ}C$ and the salt concentration in the feet is...

Reaction $A{\rightarrow}B$ is carried out in a reactor operating at steady state and $1$ mol/$s$ of pure $A$ at $425^{\circ}C$ enters the reactor. The outlet stream leave...

The pressure of a liquid is increased isothermally. The molar volume of the liquid decreases from $50.45\times 10^{-6}$ $m^{3}$/mol to $48\times 10^{-6}$ $m^{3}$/mol duri...

A sparingly soluble gas (solute) is in equilibrium with a solvent at $10$ bar. The mole fraction of the solvent in the gas phase is $0.01$. At the operating temperature a...

The vapour pressure of a pure substance at a temperature $T$ is $30$ bar. The actual and ideal gas values of $g/RT$ for the saturated vapour at this temperature $T$ and $...

A propeller (diameter $D=15\:m$) rotates at $N=1$ revolution per second $(rps)$. To understand the flow around the propeller, a lab-scale model is made. Important paramet...

Size analysis was carried out on a sample of gravel. The data for mass fraction $(x_{i})$ and average particle diameter $(D_{pi})$ of the fraction is given in the table b...

A fluid flows over a heated horizontal plate maintain at temperature $T_{W}$. The bulk temperature of the fluid is $T_{\infty }$ . The temperature profile in the thermal...

The vapour phase composition and relative volatilities (with respect to $n$-propane) on an ideal tray of a distillation column are$$\begin{array}{clcIcIcI|cI|c}\hline&\te...

The Sherwood number $(Sh_{L})$ correlation for laminar flow over a flat plate of length $L$ is given by$$Sh_{L}=0.664\:Re_{L}^{-0.5}\:Sc^{1/3}$$where $Re_{L}$ and $Sc$ re...

In a countercurrent stripping operation using pure steam, the mole ratio of a solute in the liquid stream is reduced from $0.25$ to $0.05$. The liquid feed flowrate, on a...

In a batch absorption process, $5\:g$ of fresh absorbent is used to treat $1$ liter of an aqueous phenol solution. The initial phenol concentration is $100\:mg$/liter. Th...

The following liquid phase second-order reaction is carried out in an isothermal $CSTR$ steady steady$$A{\rightarrow}R\:\:\:\:\:(-r_{A})=0.005C_{A}^{2}\:mol/m^{3}.hr$$whe...

The reversible reaction of $t$-butyl alcohol $(TBA)$ and ethanol $(EtOH)$ to ethyl $t$-butyl ether $(ETBE)$ is$$TBA+Et0H\rightleftharpoons ETBE+water$$The equilibrium con...

The following gas-phase reaction is carried out in a constant-volume isothermal batch reactor$$A+B{\rightarrow}R+S$$The reactants $A$ and $B$ as well as the product $S$ a...

A bond has a maturity value of $20,000$ Rupees at the end of $4$ years. The interest is compounded at the rate of $5\%$ per year.The initial investment to be made, rounde...

Match the equipment in Group-$1$ with the process in Group-$2$$\begin{array}{cc}\&\text{Group-$1$} & \text{Group-$2$} \\ &\text{P. Fluidized bed} & \text{ I. Paper-making...

A liquid mixture of ethanol and water is flowing as inlet stream $P$ into a stream splitter. It is split into two streams, $Q$ and $R$, as shown in the figure below.The f...

The partial molar enthalpy (in $kJ$/mol) of species $1$ in a binary mixture is given by $\bar{h}_{1}=2 -60x_{2}^{2}+100x^{1}x_{2}^{2},$ where $x_{1}$ and $x_{2}$ are the ...

A vertical cylindrical vessel has a layer of kerosene (of density $800\: kg/m^{3}$) over a layer of water (of density $1000 \:kg/m^{3}$). $L$ – shaped glass tubes are con...

A binary liquid mixture of benzene and toluene contains $20$ mol$\%$ of benzene. At $350 \:K$ the vapour pressures of pure benzene and pure toluene are $92\: kPa$ and $35...

Match the dimensionless numbers in $Group–I$ with the ratios in $Group–2$.$\begin{array}{cc}\\&\text{Group-1} & \text{Group-2} \\ &\text{P. Biot number} & \text{ I. $\fr...

For what value of Lewis number, the wet-bulb temperature and adiabatic saturation temperature are nearly equal?$0.33$$0.5$$1$$2$

A jacketed stirred tank with a provision for heat removal is used to mix sulphuric acid and water in a steady state flow process. $H_{2}SO_{4}$ $(l)$ enters at a rate of ...

An ideal gas is adiabatically and irreversibly compressed from $3$ bar and $300\:K$ to $6$ bar in a closed system. The work required for the irreversible compression is $...

A gas obeying the Clausius equation of state is isothermally compressed from $5\:Mpa$ to $15\:MPa$ in a closed system at $400\:K$. The Clausius equation of state is $P=\f...

A binary system at a constant pressure with species $’1’$ and $’2’$ is described by the two-suffix Margules equation, $\frac{g^{E}}{RT}=3x_{1}x_{2}$, where $g^{E}$ is the...

Consider a rigid solid sphere falling with a constant velocity in a fluid. The following data are known at the conditions of interest: viscosity of the fluid = $0.1\:Pa\;...

The characteristics curve (Head-Capacity relationship) of a centrifugal pimp is represented by the equation $\Delta H_{pump}=43.8-0.19Q$, where $\Delta H_{pump}$ is the h...

In a $1-1$ pass shell and tube exchanger, steam is condensing in the shell at a temperature $(T_{s})$ of $135^{\circ}C$ and the cold fluid is heated from a temperature $(...

At $30^{\circ}C$, the amounts of acetone adsorbed at partial pressures of $10$ and $100\:mmHg$ are $0.1$ and $0.4\:kg$ acetone/$kg$ activated carbon, respectively. Assume...

Consider the following two cases for a binary mixture of ideal gases $A$ and $B$ under steady state conditions. In case $1$, the diffusion pf $A$ occurs through non-diffu...

A liquid phase irreversible reaction$A{\rightarrow}B$ is carried out in an adiabatic $CSTR$ operating under steady state conditions. The reaction is elementary and follow...