Recent questions

The molar heat capacity at constant pressure $C_p$ (in $\text{J mol}^{-1} K^{-1}$) for $n$-pentane as a function of temperature $(T$ in $K)$ is given by$ \dfrac{C_p}{R} =...

The following homogeneous liquid phase reactions are at equilibrium,The values of rate constants are given by: $k_1 = 0.1 s^{-1}$, $k_{-1}=0.2 s^{-1}, k_2 = 1 s^{-1}, k_{...

A company invests in a recovery unit to separate valuable metals from effluent streams. The total initial capital investment of this unit is Rs. $10$ lakhs. The recovered...

Let $A$ be a square matrix of size $n \times n (n>1)$. The elements of $A=\{a_{ij}\}$ are given by $$a_{ij} = \begin{cases} i \times j, & \text{if } i \geq j \\ 0, & \tex...

Consider a fluid confined between two horizontal parallel plates and subjected to shear flow.In the first experiment, the plates are separated by a distance of $1 \: mm$....

Water of density $1000 \text{ kg m}^{-3}$ flows in a horizontal pipe of $10 \: cm$ diameter at an average velocity of $0.5 \: m \: s^{-1}$. The following plot shows the p...

In a solvent regeneration process, a gas is used to strip a solute from a liquid in a countercurrent packed tower operating under isothermal condition. Pure gas is used i...

Which of these symbols can be found in piping and instrumentation diagrams?$(Q)$ and $(S)$ only$(P)$, $(Q)$ and $(R)$ only$(P)$, $(R)$ and $(S)$ only$(P)$, $(Q)$, $(R)$ a...

It is required to control the volume of the contents in the jacketed reactor shown in the figure.Which one of the following schemes can be used for feedback control?Measu...

Which of the following is $\text{NOT}$ a necessary condition for a process under closed-loop control to be stable?Dead-time term(s) must be absent in the open-loop transf...

Match the reaction in $\textbf{Group – 1}$ with the reaction type in $\textbf{Group – 2}$.$\begin{array}{|c|l|c|l|} \hline & \textbf{Group – 1} && \textbf{Group – 2} \\ \...

To solve an algebraic equation $f(x)=0$, an iterative scehme of the type $x_{n+1} = g(x_n)$ is proposed, where $g(x)=x-\dfrac{f(x)}{f’(x)}$.At the solution $x=s,\: g’(s)=...

The probability distribution function of a random variable $X$ is shown in the following figure.From this distribution, random samples with sample size $n=68$ are taken. ...

For the ordinary differential equation $$\dfrac{d^3y}{dt^3}+6 \dfrac{d^2y}{dt^2}+11 \dfrac{dy}{dt}+6y=1$$ with initial conditions $y(0)=y’(0) = y’’(0)=y’’’(0)=0$, the val...

Formaldehyde is produced by the oxidation of methane in a reactor. The following two parallel reactions occur.$$CH_4+O_2 \rightarrow HCHO+H_2O \\ CH_4 +2O_2 \rightarrow C...

The combustion of carbon monoxide is carried out in a closed, rigid and insulated vessel. $1 \text{ mol}$ of $CO$, $0.5 \text{ mol}$ of $O_2$ and $2 \text{ mol}$ of $N_2$...

A gaseous mixture at $1$ bar and $300 \: K$ consists of $20 \text{ mol } \% \: CO_2$ and $80 \text{ mol } \%$ inert gas.Assume the gases to be ideal. Take $R=8.314 \text{...

A binary liquid mixture consists of two species $1$ and $2$. Let $\gamma$ and $x$ represent the activity coefficient and the mole fraction of the species, respectively. U...

Consider a tank filled with $3$ immiscible liquid $A$, $B$ and $C$ at static equilibrium, as shown in the figure. At $2 \: cm$ below the liquid $A$- liquid $B$ interface,...

Seawater is passed through a column containing a bed of resin beads.Density of seawater $=1025 \: \text{ kg m}^{-3}$Density of resin beads $=1330 \text{ kg m}^{-3}$Diame...

A straight fin of uniform circular cross section and adiabatic tip has an aspect ratio (length/diameter) of $4$. If the Biot number (based on the radius of the fin as the...

A double-effect evaporator is used to concentrate a solution. Steam is sent to the first effect at $110\:^{\circ} C$ and the boiling point of the solution in the second e...

Consider a solid slab of thickness $2L$ and uniform cross section $A$. The volumetric rate of heat generation within the slab is $\dot{g} \: (W \: m^{-3})$. The slab lose...

A distillation column handling a binary mixture of $A$ and $B$ is operating at total reflux. It has two ideal stages including the reboiler. The mole fraction of the more...

In a batch drying experiment, a solid with a critical moisture content of $0.2 \: kg$ $H_2O/kg$ dry solid is dried from an initial moisture content of $0.35 \: kg$ $H_2O/...

As shown in the figure below, air flows in parallel to a freshly painted solid surface of width $10 \: m$, along the $z$-direction.The equilibrium vapor concentration of ...

The following isothermal autocatalytic reaction $$ A +B \longrightarrow 2B \quad\quad\quad(-r_A)=0.1C_AC_B(\text{mol } L^{-1} s^{-1})$$is carried out in an ideal continuo...

Reactant $A$ decomposes to products $B$ and $C$ in the presence of an enzyme in a well-stirred batch reactor. The kinetic rate expression is given by$$-r_A = \dfrac{0.01C...

The following homogeneous, irreversible reaction involving ideal gases, $$A \longrightarrow B+C \quad\quad\quad(-r_A)=0.5C_A (\text{mol L}^{-1} s^{-1})$$ is carried out i...

A system has a transfer function $G(s)= \dfrac{3e^{-4s}}{12s+1}$. When a step change of magnitude $M$ is given to the system input, the final value of the system output i...

A person has a transfer function $G(s)= \dfrac{Y(s)}{X(s)} = \dfrac{20}{90000s^2+240s+1}$. Initially the process is at steady state with $x(t=0)=0.4$ and $y(t=0)=100$. If...

Operating labor requirements $L$ in the chemical process industry is described in terms of the plant capacity $C ( \text{kg day}^{-1})$ over a wide range $(10^3-10^6)$ by...

A viscous liquid is pumped through a pipe network in a chemical plant. The annual pumping cost per unit length of pipe is given by $$C_{\text{pump}} = \dfrac{48.13\: q^2 ...