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In a closed piston-cylinder system, methane was observed to obey the following equation of state$$P\left ( V-nb \right )=nRT$$where $b=0.029\:m^{3}$/mol. The temperature ...
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​​On a given day, how many times will the second-hand and the minute-hand of a clock cross each other during the clock time $12:05:00$ hours to $12: 55: 00$ hours?$51...
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​​​​​​The temperatures of two large parallel plates of equal emissivity are $900 \mathrm{~K}$ and $300 \mathrm{~K}$. A reflection radiation shield of low emis...
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A brick wall of $20\:cm$ thickness has thermal conductivity of $0.7\:W\:m^{-1}\:K^{-1}$. An insulation of thermal conductivity $0.2\:W\:m^{-1}\:K^{-1}$ is to be applied o...
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The ratio of the activation energy of a chemical reaction to the universal gas constant is $1000 \mathrm{~K}$. The temperature-dependence of the reaction rate constant fo...
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In soap manufacturing, the triglycerides present in oils and fats are hydrolyzed to mainly produceFatty acids and glycerolGlycerol onlyFatty acids onlyGlycerol and paraff...
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In the figure below, the temperature profiles of cold and hot fluids in counter double pipe heat exchangers (in different modes of operation) are shown on the left. For e...
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Consider a cylinder (diameter $D$ and length $D$), a sphere (diameter $D$) and a cube (side length $D$). Which of the following statements concerning the sphericity $\lef...
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Consider a tray-column of diameter $120 \mathrm{~cm}$. Each downcomer has a cross-sectional area of $575 \mathrm{~cm}^{2}$. For a tray, the percentage column cross-sectio...
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A design engineer needs to purchase a membrane module $(\mathrm{M})$ for a plant. Details about the two available options, $\text{M1}$ and $\text{M2,}$ are given in the t...
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​​​​​Consider the control structure for the overhead section of a distillation column shown in the figure. The composition controller (CC) controls the heavy ke...
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Given that $E$ (in W. $\mathrm{m}^{-2}$ ) is the total hemispherical emissive power of a surface maintained at a certain temperature, which of the following statements is...
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A jacketed stirred tank with a provision for heat removal is used to mix sulphuric acid and water in a steady state flow process. $H_{2}SO_{4}$ $(l)$ enters at a rate of ...
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​​​​​In an ammonia manufacturing facility, the necessary hydrogen is generated from methane. The facility consists of the following process units -$\text{P}$: M...
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Ethylene obeys the truncated virial equation-of-state\[\frac{P V}{R T}=1+\frac{B P}{R T}\]where $P$ is the pressure, $V$ is the molar volume, $T$ is the absolute temperat...
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Orsat analysis showing the composition (in $\text{mol} \%,$ on a dry basis) of a stack gas is given in the table below. The humidity measurement reveals that the mole fra...
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A control system on the jacket side of a reactor is shown in the figure. Pressurized water flows through the jacket to cool the reactor. The heated water flashes in the b...
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A wet solid containing $20\%$ $\text{(w/w)}$ moisture (based on mass of bone-dry solid) is dried in a tray-dryer. The critical moisture content of the solid is $10\%$ $\t...
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The combination that correctly matches the process in Group-$1$ with the entries in Group-$2$ is $\begin{array}{cc}\&\text{Group-1} & \text{Group-2} \\ &\text{P. Wulff pr...
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An oil with a flow rate of $1000\:kg/h$ is to be cooled using water in a double-pipe counter-flow heat exchanger from a temperature of $70^{\circ}C$ to $40^{\circ}C$. Wat...
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An incompressible Newtonian fluid flows in a pipe of diameter $D_{1}$ at volumetric flow rate $Q$. Fluid with same properties flows in another pipe of diameter $D_{2}=D_...
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Consider the following two cases for a binary mixture of ideal gases $A$ and $B$ under steady state conditions. In case $1$, the diffusion pf $A$ occurs through non-diffu...
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Information for a proposed greenfield project is provided in the table. The discounted cash flow for the fourth year is Rs ___________________ crores (rounded off to one ...
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Pool boiling equipment operating above ambient temperature is usually designed to operatefar above the critical heat fluxnear the critical heat fluxfar above the Leidenfr...
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Which of the following conditions are valid at the plait point?Density difference between the extract and raffinate phases is zeroInterfacial tension between the extract...
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In reverse osmosis, the hydraulic pressure and osmotic pressure at the feed side of the membrane are $P_1$ and $\pi_1$, respectively. The corresponding values are $P_2$ a...
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Consider a sealed rigid bottle containing $CO_{2}$ and $H_{2}O$ at $10$ bar and ambient temperature. Assume that the gas phase in the bottle is pure $CO_{2}$ and follows ...
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For heat transfer across a solid-fluid interface, which one of the following statements is $\text{NOT}$ true when the Biot number is very small compared to $1$?Conduction...
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For a closed-loop system, consider the following transfer functions:process $G_{p}\left ( s \right )$, controller $G_{c}\left ( s \right )$, measuring device $G_{m}\left ...
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A $CSTR$ and a $PFR$ of equal volume are connected in series as shown below to carry out a first-order, isothermal, liquid phase reaction$$A{\rightarrow}P$$The rate const...
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The capital cost of a distillation column is Rs. $90$ lakhs. The cost is to be fully depreciated (salvage value is zero) using the double-declining balance method over $1...
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​​​​​For purchasing a batch reactor, three alternatives $\mathrm{P}, \mathrm{Q}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ have emerged, as summarized in the table. For a compound inter...
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A large tank is filled with water (density $=1 \mathrm{~g} \cdot \mathrm{cm}^{-3}$ ) upto a height of $5 \mathrm{~m}$. A $100 ~ \mu \mathrm{m}$ diameter solid spherical p...
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In the block diagram shown in the figure, the transfer function $G = \dfrac{K}{\left ( \tau s + 1 \right )}$ with $K 0$ and $\tau 0$. The maximum value of $K$ below whi...
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A homogenous reaction $(R{\rightarrow}P)$ occurs in a batch reactor. The conversion of the reactant $R$ is $67\%$ after $10$ minutes and $80\%$ after $20$ minutes. The ra...
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The reactant ($M$) is converted into product ($N$) in the presence of catalyst in a fixed bed reactor. All the flow rates ($F,\:G,\:H,\:P $ and $R$) in mol/$s$, and mole ...
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The opposite faces of a metal slab of thickness $5 \mathrm{~cm}$ and thermal conductivity $400 \mathrm{~W} \mathrm{~m}^{-1}{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}^{-1}$ are maintained at ...
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The Newton-Raphson method is used to solve $f(x)=0$, where $f(x)=e^{x}-5 x$.If the initial guess $x^{(0)}=1.0$, the value of the next iterate, $x^{(1)}$, rounded off to $...
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Level $(h)$ in a steam boiler is controlled by manipulating the flow rate $(F)$ of the make-up (fresh) water using a proportional (P) controller. The transfer function be...
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The van der Waals equation of the state is given by$$P_r = \dfrac{8T_r}{3v_r-1} – \dfrac{3}{v_r^2}$$where $P_r$, $T_r$ and $v_r$ represent reduced pressure, reduced tem...