Recent questions

For the electrolytic cell in a chlor-alkali plant, which of the following statements is/are correct?A membrane cell operates at a higher brine concentration than a diaphr...

​​​​​​Which of the following statements with reference to the petroleum/petrochemical industry is/are correct?Catalytic hydrocracking converts heavier hydrocarbons to lig...

Consider a matrix $\text{A}=\left[\begin{array}{cc}-5 & a \\ -2 & -2\end{array}\right]$, where $a$ is a constant. If the eigenvalues of $\text{A}$ are $-1$ and $-6$, then...

Consider the reaction $\mathrm{N}_{2}(\mathrm{~g})+3 \mathrm{H}_{2}(g) \rightleftharpoons 2 \mathrm{NH}_{3}(g)$ in a continuous flow reactor under steady-state conditions...

Consider a binary mixture of components $A$ and $B$ at temperature $T$ and pressure $P$. Let $\bar{V}_{A}$ and $\bar{V}_{B}$ be the partial molar volumes of $A$ and $B$, ...

Consider the steady, uni-directional, fully-developed, pressure-driven laminar flow of an incompressible Newtonian fluid through a circular pipe of inner radius $5.0 \mat...

The opposite faces of a metal slab of thickness $5 \mathrm{~cm}$ and thermal conductivity $400 \mathrm{~W} \mathrm{~m}^{-1}{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}^{-1}$ are maintained at ...

The capital cost of a distillation column is Rs. $90$ lakhs. The cost is to be fully depreciated (salvage value is zero) using the double-declining balance method over $1...

​​​​Consider a steady, fully-developed, uni-directional laminar flow of an incompressible Newtonian fluid (viscosity $\mu$ ) between two infinitely long horizontal plates...

​​​​​​The temperatures of two large parallel plates of equal emissivity are $900 \mathrm{~K}$ and $300 \mathrm{~K}$. A reflection radiation shield of low emissivity and n...

​​​​​Hot oil at $110{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ heats water from $30^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ to $70{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ in a counter-current double-pipe heat exchanger. The fl...

​​​​​A solid slab of thickness $H_{1}$ is initially at a uniform temperature $T_{0}$. At time $t=0$, the temperature of the top surface at $y=H_{1}$ is increased to $T_{1...

​​​​​​A gas stream containing $95 \mathrm{~mol} \% \mathrm{CO}_{2}$ and $5 \mathrm{~mol} \%$ ethanol is to be scrubbed with pure water in a counter-current, isothermal ab...

​​​​​Sulfur dioxide $\left(\mathrm{SO}_{2}\right)$ gas diffuses through a stagnant air-film of thickness $2 \mathrm{~mm}$ at 1 bar and $30^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. The diffus...

​​​​​A simple distillation column separates a binary mixture of $A$ and $B$. The relative volatility of $A$ with respect to $B$ is $2$. The steady-state composition of $A...

​​​Alumina particles with an initial moisture content of $5 \mathrm{~kg}$ per $\mathrm{kg}$ dry solid are dried in a batch dryer. For the first two hours, the measured dr...

A first-order heterogenous reaction $A \rightarrow B$ is carried out using a porous spherical catalyst. Assume isothermal conditions, and that intraphase diffusion contro...

​​​​​​A first-order liquid phase reaction $A \rightarrow B$ is carried out in two isothermal plug flow reactors (PFRs) of volume $1 \mathrm{~m}^{3}$ each, connected in se...

​​​​The residence time distribution, $E$, for a non-ideal flow reactor is given in the figure. A first-order liquid phase reaction with a rate constant $0.2 \mathrm{~min}...

​​​​​​Let $r$ and $\theta$ be the polar coordinates defined by $x=r \cos \theta$ and $y=r \sin \theta$. The area of the cardioid $r=a(1-\cos \theta), 0 \leq \theta \leq 2...

​​​​​​For the block diagram shown in the figure, the correct expression for the transfer function $G_{d}=\frac{y_{1}(s)}{d(s)}$ is$\frac{-G_{p 1} G_{c 2}}{\left(1+G_{c 1}...

​​​​​For purchasing a batch reactor, three alternatives $\mathrm{P}, \mathrm{Q}$ and $\mathrm{R}$ have emerged, as summarized in the table. For a compound interest rate o...

The Newton-Raphson method is used to solve $f(x)=0$, where $f(x)=e^{x}-5 x$.If the initial guess $x^{(0)}=1.0$, the value of the next iterate, $x^{(1)}$, rounded off to $...

Consider the line integral $\int_{C} \boldsymbol{F}(\boldsymbol{r}) \cdot d \boldsymbol{r}$, with $\boldsymbol{F}(\boldsymbol{r})=x \hat{\boldsymbol{\imath}}+y \hat{\bold...

Consider the ordinary differential equation $x^{2} \frac{d^{2} y}{d x^{2}}-x \frac{d y}{d x}-3 y=0$, with the boundary conditions $y(x=1)=2$ and $y(x=2)=17 / 2$. The solu...

Consider the function $f(x, y, z)=x^{4}+2 y^{3}+z^{2}$. The directional derivative of the function at the point $P(-1,1,-1)$ along $(\hat{\boldsymbol{\imath}}+\hat{\bolds...

Methane combusts with air in a furnace as $\mathrm{CH}_{4}+2 \mathrm{O}_{2} \rightarrow \mathrm{CO}_{2}+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$. The heat of reaction $\Delta H_{r x ...

An isolated system consists of two perfectly sealed cuboidal compartments $A$ and $B$ separated by a movable rigid wall of cross-sectional area $0.1 \mathrm{~m}^{2}$ as s...

Ethylene obeys the truncated virial equation-of-state\[\frac{P V}{R T}=1+\frac{B P}{R T}\]where $P$ is the pressure, $V$ is the molar volume, $T$ is the absolute temperat...

A metallic spherical particle of density $7001 \mathrm{~kg} \mathrm{~m}^{-3}$ and diameter $1 \mathrm{~mm}$ is settling steadily due to gravity in a stagnant gas of densi...

Water of density $1000 \mathrm{~kg} \mathrm{~m}^{-3}$ is pumped at a volumetric flow rate of $3.14 \times 10^{-2} \mathrm{~m}^{3} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}$, through a pipe of inn...

A Venturi meter with a throat diameter $d=2 \mathrm{~cm}$ measures the flow rate in a pipe of diameter $D=6 \mathrm{~cm}$, as shown in the figure. A U-tube manometer is c...

Heat is available at a rate of $2 \mathrm{~kW}$ from a thermal reservoir at $400 \mathrm{~K}$. A two-stage process harnesses this heat to produce power. Stages $1$ and $2...

A chemostat with cell recycle is shown in the figure. The feed flow rate and culture volume are $F=75 \mathrm{~L} \mathrm{~h}^{-1}$ and $V=200 \mathrm{~L}$, respectively....

Consider the surge drum in the figure. Initially the system is at steady-state with a hold-up $\bar{V}=5 \mathrm{~m}^{3}$, which is $50 \%$ of full tank capacity, $V_{f u...

A $\text{PD}$ controller with transfer function $G_{c}$ is used to stabilize an open-loop unstable process with transfer function $G_{p}$, where\[G_{c}=K_{c} \frac{\tau_{...

Consider a tray-column of diameter $120 \mathrm{~cm}$. Each downcomer has a cross-sectional area of $575 \mathrm{~cm}^{2}$. For a tray, the percentage column cross-sectio...